International Symposium on the Science and Processing of Cast Iron (SPCI XIII)
06/2024
Doru Stefanescu, Foundry technologies, Gorka Alonso, R&D+i, Iron foundry, R&D+i, Ramón Suarez
The momentous research efforts directed to the understanding of nucleation and subsequent crystallization of graphite, and related solidification phenomena was driven in part by the growing interest in the use of spheroidal graphite cast iron in the manufacture of large castings such as wind turbine parts that require exceedingly long solidification times. The goal of this paper is to provide an update on the advances achieved in understanding the mechanisms that govern the nucleation and crystallization of spheroidal graphite and of the related imperfect morphologies from iron-carbon-silicon melts. In this analysis, we examine the crystallization of graphite not only in cast iron, but also that of metamorphic graphite (natural graphite formed through transformation by heat, pressure, or other natural actions), and of other materials with similar lattice structure and crystallization morphologies. The reader will be taken on a trip that starts with formation of the graphene sheets and turbostratic graphite on heterogeneous nuclei, followed up by crystallization through different mechanisms, to finally produce graphite spheroids, known mostly as graphite nodules to the foundryman.
Doru M. Stefanescu (The Ohio State University and The Univesity of Alabama), Gorka Alonso (AZTERLAN), Tomasz Tokarsky (AGH University of Krakow), Ramón Suárez (AZTERLAN), Marcin Górny (AGH University of Krakow).
Spheroidal graphite, graphite nucleation, graphite crystallization, graphene, turbostratic graphite, metamorphic graphite
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